18Test report

IS 1608:2005, Metallic Materials — Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature

Last Updated 29 Oct 2026

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The test report shall contain at least the following information:

a) reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 6892;
b) identification of the test piece;
c) specified material, if known;
d) type of test piece;
e) location and direction of sampling of test pieces;
f) measured properties and results.

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Elongation

Stress-Strain Curve with Labeled Elongation Parameters

Annotations

25 (text_label - position: y = peak stress level)
16 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to base of dashed line from peak)
17 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to perpendicular line from peak)
14 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to base of dashed line from fracture)
18 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to perpendicular line from fracture)
Dashed lines parallel to elastic region (reference_line - position: Connect peak/fracture to x-axis)

Feature / Label	Percentage Elongation (X)	Stress (Y)
Origin	0	0
Yield Point Region	Low positive value	Mid-high value
Maximum Stress (Ultimate Tensile Strength)	-	Label 25
Peak of Curve	Label 17	Label 25
Permanent Elongation after Maximum Force	Label 16	0
Fracture Point	Label 18	(Below Label 25)
Permanent Elongation after Fracture	Label 14	0

Notes: The labels 14, 16, 17, 18, and 25 refer to standard mechanical testing parameters (likely based on ISO standards. Label 25 represents the Tensile Strength ( $R_m$ ). Labels on the x-axis represent various measures of elongation: 16 ( $A_g$ ), 17 ( $A_{gt}$ ), 14 ( $A$ ), and 18 ( $A_t$ ).)

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 1 — Definitions of elongation

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Extension Curves

Annotations

Initial transient effect (text_label - position: x = 11.0, y = 21.5)
23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0 (Upper yield stress level))
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0 (Lower yield stress level))

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
8.0	23.0
11.0	21.5 (Initial transient effect)
14.0	24.0
17.0	23.8
20.0	24.2
23.0	24.0
28.0	24.0
35.0	28.0
45.0	38.0

Annotations

Initial transient effect (text_label - position: x = 11.0, y = 21.0)
23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0)
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
8.0	23.0
11.0	21.0 (Initial transient effect)
14.0	24.5
17.0	23.5
20.0	24.5
23.0	23.5
26.0	24.5
30.0	24.0
40.0	32.0
50.0	45.0

Annotations

23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0)
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
10.0	23.0
15.0	22.0
22.0	24.0
35.0	24.0
50.0	35.0
65.0	42.0

Annotations

24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
12.0	24.0
28.0	24.0
45.0	35.0
60.0	40.0

Notes: The figures illustrate variations in the yield point phenomenon during tensile testing. The labels '23' and '24' on the vertical axis denote the Upper Yield Stress and Lower Yield Stress levels, respectively. Panels (a and (b exhibit an 'Initial transient effect' with varying degrees of oscillation along the yield plateau. Panel (c shows a smooth transition from upper to lower yield points, while panel (d shows a distinct yield plateau without an upper yield point peak.))))

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 2 — Definitions of upper and lower yield strengths for different types of curves

Mechanical Properties: Proof Stress Determination Method for Determining Proof Stress from a

Figure description:

Mechanical Properties: Proof Stress Determination Method for Determining Proof Stress from a Stress-Strain Diagram

Stress vs. Percentage Elongation

Annotations

26 (text_label - position: y = 26 (y-axis offset indicating proof stress level))
19 (text_label - position: x = 19 (x-axis offset indicating percentage extension for proof stress calculation))
Stress (axis_label - position: y-axis)
Percentage elongation or percentage extension (axis_label - position: x-axis)
Parallel dashed line (dashed_line - position: Starts at x=19 on the x-axis, parallel to the initial linear portion of the curve)
Proof stress intersection (point - position: (27.67, 26))

Percentage elongation or percentage extension	Stress (Main Curve)	Linear Extension of Elastic Region	Parallel Offset Line (Dashed)
0	0	0	null
3	9	9	null
6	18	18	null
9	22	27	null
12	23.5	36	null
19	24.8	null	0
27.67	26	null	26
35	27.5	null	48

Notes: The figure illustrates the graphical method used to determine the proof stress of a material. A line is drawn parallel to the linear elastic region of the stress-strain curve, originating from a specific offset on the x-axis (labeled 19. The stress value (labeled 26 where this parallel line intersects the stress-strain curve is defined as the proof stress.))

NOTE -

See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Extension/Elongation Plots

Stress-Extension Curve

Annotations

28 (y_axis_marker - position: y = 28)
20 (x_axis_marker - position: x = 20)

Percentage extension	Stress
0	0
10	19
20	28
25	33

Stress-Extension Hysteresis Cycle

Annotations

27 (y_axis_marker - position: y = 27)
21 (x_axis_marker - position: x = 21 (Permanent set))

Percentage elongation or percentage extension	Loading Stress	Unloading Stress
0	0	null
10	11	null
20	21	null
21	null	0
30	null	15
35	27	27

Notes: The figures display mechanical stress-strain relationships. The left graph shows a standard loading curve where a percentage extension of 20 corresponds to a stress of 28. The right graph depicts a hysteresis loop with arrows indicating the loading and unloading paths. The material reaches a peak stress of 27 at an estimated extension of 35% and, upon unloading, retains a permanent extension of 21%.

NOTE -

See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)$

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength $\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)$

Determination of Proof Strength and Hysteresis Loop Force vs

Figure description:

Determination of Proof Strength and Hysteresis Loop

Force vs. Extension Curve showing Determination of Proof Strength (Rp

Annotations

Force corresponding to Rp (y_axis_indicator - position: Indicated by vertical double-headed arrow spanning from y=0 to the intersection point y≈6.2)
Specified non-proportional extension (x_axis_indicator - position: Indicated by horizontal double-headed arrow on the x-axis from x=0 to x=1.0)
0 (text_label - position: x=0, y=0)
Force (axis_label - position: y-axis)
Extension (axis_label - position: x-axis)

Extension (arbitrary units)	Force (arbitrary units)	Category
0.0	0.0	Main Loading Curve
0.5	2.0	Main Loading Curve
1.0	3.8	Main Loading Curve
1.5	5.0	Main Loading Curve
2.0	5.8	Main Loading Curve
2.5	6.2	Main Loading Curve
3.5	6.8	Main Loading Curve
0.0	0.0	Initial Linear Projection (dashed)
1.5	6.0	Initial Linear Projection (dashed)
1.0	0.0	Offset Parallel Line (dashed)
2.5	6.0	Offset Parallel Line (dashed)
2.5	6.2	Loop - Unloading
2.3	4.0	Loop - Unloading
2.1	2.0	Loop - Unloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Unloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Reloading
2.2	3.5	Loop - Reloading
2.5	6.2	Loop - Reloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Median (dashed)
2.5	6.2	Loop - Median (dashed)

Notes: The graph depicts a typical tensile test curve where a specified non-proportional extension is used to find the corresponding force (Rp. A loading-unloading loop is also shown, illustrating hysteresis and the method for determining the mean slope or median line within the loop.)

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( $R_{\mathrm{p}}$ ) (see 13.1)

Material Stress-Strain Behavior Stress vs

Figure description:

Material Stress-Strain Behavior

Stress vs. Percentage Extension

Annotations

24 (text_label - position: y = 24)
15 (text_label - position: x = 15)
Yield Plateau (text_label - position: Region between extension ~3.5 and ~18.5)
Elastic Recovery Path (shaded_area - position: Dashed line from (18.5, 24 to (15, 0)))

Percentage extension	Stress (Main Curve)	Unloading Path
0.0	0	null
3.5	24	null
4.5	26	null
6.0	23	null
7.5	25	null
9.0	24	null
11.0	25	null
13.0	24	null
15.0	24.5	0
18.5	24	24
25.0	35	null

Notes: The graph shows a typical stress-strain curve for a material exhibiting a yield plateau and strain hardening. The value '24' represents the stress at the start of the yield plateau. The value '15' represents the permanent percentage extension (plastic strain remaining after unloading from the end of the yield plateau, indicated by the dashed line which is parallel to the initial linear elastic portion of the curve.)

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 7 — Percentage yield point extension (Ae)

Force-Elongation Diagram Force-Elongation Curve Annotations

Figure description:

Force-Elongation Diagram

Force-Elongation Curve

Annotations

22 (text_label - position: y = 22 (Maximum Force))
13 (text_label - position: x = 13 (Elongation at fracture))

Elongation	Force	Type
0.0	0.0	Solid Curve
0.5	6.0	Solid Curve
1.0	12.0	Solid Curve
1.8	16.0	Solid Curve
2.3	15.0	Solid Curve
3.0	16.5	Solid Curve
4.0	18.2	Solid Curve
5.0	19.5	Solid Curve
7.0	21.3	Solid Curve
9.0	22.0	Solid Curve
11.0	21.3	Solid Curve
13.0	20.0	Solid Curve
13.0	20.0	Dashed Line
12.2	0.0	Dashed Line

Notes: The chart illustrates a typical force-elongation curve for a material exhibiting a distinct yield point, strain hardening, and a peak force value before failure. The solid line depicts the loading phase until fracture, and the dashed line represents the elastic recovery (unloading path from the point of fracture at an elongation of 13.)

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 8 — Maximum force

This is a technical diagram of a tensile test specimen showing its dimensions before and after

Figure description:

This is a technical diagram of a tensile test specimen showing its dimensions before and after fracture.

Key Dimensions and Features:

1: Width of the central area or gauge length increment.
2: Width/thickness of the specimen's narrow section.
5: Initial gauge length between two marks.
6: Length of the reduced section.
7: Total length of the specimen.
8: Final gauge length after specimen fracture (shown in the lower image.
9: Cross-hatched central section.
12: Specimen shoulder/grip area.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 9 — Machined test pieces of rectangular cross section (see annex A)

Technical diagram illustrating three different material cross-sections within a bar: Top: Circular

Figure description:

Technical diagram illustrating three different material cross-sections within a bar:

Top: Circular cross-section.
Middle: Square cross-section.
Bottom: Hexagonal cross-section.
Key Details:
- Shaded (hatched areas represent the cross-sectional profiles.
- Vertical reference marks are positioned on either side of the center shapes.
- A dimension of 5 is indicated between the reference marks in the bottom illustration.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 10 — Test pieces comprising a non-machined portion of the product (see annex B)

Technical diagram of tensile test specimens, showing both rectangular and cylindrical geometries

Figure description:

Technical diagram of tensile test specimens, showing both rectangular and cylindrical geometries before and after failure.

Key Entities and Dimensions:

1 & 2: Thickness and width of a rectangular specimen cross-section.
3: Diameter of a cylindrical specimen cross-section.
5: Initial gauge length ( $L_0$ .
6: Length of the reduced (parallel section.
7: Total length of the specimen.
8: Final gauge length after fracture ( $L_u$ , showing elongation.
9: Initial cross-sectional areas (circular and rectangular.
10: Reduced cross-sectional area at the point of fracture (necking.
12: Grip sections for securing the specimen in a testing machine.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 11 — Proportional test pieces (see annex C)

Figure description:

Figure 11 - Proportional test pieces

Key Dimensions and Entities:

1: Wall thickness of the tube.
4: External diameter of the tube.
5: Original gauge length ( $L_0$ .
7: Parallel length ( $L_c$ .
8: Final gauge length after fracture ( $L_u$ .
9: Cross-section of the tube (represented by a circular hatched area.
10: Gripped end of the test piece (flattened for testing.
12: Parallel part of the test piece.

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 12 — Test pieces comprising a length of tube (see annex D)

This technical drawing illustrates a tensile test specimen

Figure description:

This technical drawing illustrates a tensile test specimen (dog-bone shape with key dimensions and features labeled:

1: Width of the central gauge zone.
2: Width of the parallel reduced section.
5: Original gauge length ( $L_0$ .
6: Total length of the parallel reduced section ( $L_c$ .
7: Total overall length of the specimen.
8: Final distance between gauge marks after fracture ( $L_u$ .
9: Cross-sectional area indicator at the center.
10: Fracture location showing necking.
12: Transition radius (fillet between the grip section and reduced section.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 13 — Test piece cut from a tube (see annex D)

End of chapter · NextAnnexes A to D: Types of Test Piece

18Test report

IS 1608:2005, Metallic Materials — Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature

Last Updated 29 Oct 2026

Hover any section to copy its link or text, ask Copilot about it, or bookmark it.

The test report shall contain at least the following information:

a) reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 6892;
b) identification of the test piece;
c) specified material, if known;
d) type of test piece;
e) location and direction of sampling of test pieces;
f) measured properties and results.

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Elongation

Stress-Strain Curve with Labeled Elongation Parameters

Annotations

25 (text_label - position: y = peak stress level)
16 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to base of dashed line from peak)
17 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to perpendicular line from peak)
14 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to base of dashed line from fracture)
18 (dimension_line - position: x-axis distance from origin to perpendicular line from fracture)
Dashed lines parallel to elastic region (reference_line - position: Connect peak/fracture to x-axis)

Feature / Label	Percentage Elongation (X)	Stress (Y)
Origin	0	0
Yield Point Region	Low positive value	Mid-high value
Maximum Stress (Ultimate Tensile Strength)	-	Label 25
Peak of Curve	Label 17	Label 25
Permanent Elongation after Maximum Force	Label 16	0
Fracture Point	Label 18	(Below Label 25)
Permanent Elongation after Fracture	Label 14	0

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 1 — Definitions of elongation

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Extension Curves

Annotations

Initial transient effect (text_label - position: x = 11.0, y = 21.5)
23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0 (Upper yield stress level))
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0 (Lower yield stress level))

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
8.0	23.0
11.0	21.5 (Initial transient effect)
14.0	24.0
17.0	23.8
20.0	24.2
23.0	24.0
28.0	24.0
35.0	28.0
45.0	38.0

Annotations

Initial transient effect (text_label - position: x = 11.0, y = 21.0)
23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0)
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
8.0	23.0
11.0	21.0 (Initial transient effect)
14.0	24.5
17.0	23.5
20.0	24.5
23.0	23.5
26.0	24.5
30.0	24.0
40.0	32.0
50.0	45.0

Annotations

23 (vertical_line - position: y = 23.0)
24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
10.0	23.0
15.0	22.0
22.0	24.0
35.0	24.0
50.0	35.0
65.0	42.0

Annotations

24 (vertical_line - position: y = 24.0)

Percentage extension	Stress
0.0	0.0
12.0	24.0
28.0	24.0
45.0	35.0
60.0	40.0

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 2 — Definitions of upper and lower yield strengths for different types of curves

Mechanical Properties: Proof Stress Determination Method for Determining Proof Stress from a

Figure description:

Mechanical Properties: Proof Stress Determination Method for Determining Proof Stress from a Stress-Strain Diagram

Stress vs. Percentage Elongation

Annotations

26 (text_label - position: y = 26 (y-axis offset indicating proof stress level))
19 (text_label - position: x = 19 (x-axis offset indicating percentage extension for proof stress calculation))
Stress (axis_label - position: y-axis)
Percentage elongation or percentage extension (axis_label - position: x-axis)
Parallel dashed line (dashed_line - position: Starts at x=19 on the x-axis, parallel to the initial linear portion of the curve)
Proof stress intersection (point - position: (27.67, 26))

Percentage elongation or percentage extension	Stress (Main Curve)	Linear Extension of Elastic Region	Parallel Offset Line (Dashed)
0	0	0	null
3	9	9	null
6	18	18	null
9	22	27	null
12	23.5	36	null
19	24.8	null	0
27.67	26	null	26
35	27.5	null	48

NOTE -

See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$

Stress vs

Figure description:

Stress vs. Percentage Extension/Elongation Plots

Stress-Extension Curve

Annotations

28 (y_axis_marker - position: y = 28)
20 (x_axis_marker - position: x = 20)

Percentage extension	Stress
0	0
10	19
20	28
25	33

Stress-Extension Hysteresis Cycle

Annotations

27 (y_axis_marker - position: y = 27)
21 (x_axis_marker - position: x = 21 (Permanent set))

Percentage elongation or percentage extension	Loading Stress	Unloading Stress
0	0	null
10	11	null
20	21	null
21	null	0
30	null	15
35	27	27

NOTE -

See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)$

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength $\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)$

Determination of Proof Strength and Hysteresis Loop Force vs

Figure description:

Determination of Proof Strength and Hysteresis Loop

Force vs. Extension Curve showing Determination of Proof Strength (Rp

Annotations

Force corresponding to Rp (y_axis_indicator - position: Indicated by vertical double-headed arrow spanning from y=0 to the intersection point y≈6.2)
Specified non-proportional extension (x_axis_indicator - position: Indicated by horizontal double-headed arrow on the x-axis from x=0 to x=1.0)
0 (text_label - position: x=0, y=0)
Force (axis_label - position: y-axis)
Extension (axis_label - position: x-axis)

Extension (arbitrary units)	Force (arbitrary units)	Category
0.0	0.0	Main Loading Curve
0.5	2.0	Main Loading Curve
1.0	3.8	Main Loading Curve
1.5	5.0	Main Loading Curve
2.0	5.8	Main Loading Curve
2.5	6.2	Main Loading Curve
3.5	6.8	Main Loading Curve
0.0	0.0	Initial Linear Projection (dashed)
1.5	6.0	Initial Linear Projection (dashed)
1.0	0.0	Offset Parallel Line (dashed)
2.5	6.0	Offset Parallel Line (dashed)
2.5	6.2	Loop - Unloading
2.3	4.0	Loop - Unloading
2.1	2.0	Loop - Unloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Unloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Reloading
2.2	3.5	Loop - Reloading
2.5	6.2	Loop - Reloading
2.0	1.0	Loop - Median (dashed)
2.5	6.2	Loop - Median (dashed)

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( $R_{\mathrm{p}}$ ) (see 13.1)

Material Stress-Strain Behavior Stress vs

Figure description:

Material Stress-Strain Behavior

Stress vs. Percentage Extension

Annotations

24 (text_label - position: y = 24)
15 (text_label - position: x = 15)
Yield Plateau (text_label - position: Region between extension ~3.5 and ~18.5)
Elastic Recovery Path (shaded_area - position: Dashed line from (18.5, 24 to (15, 0)))

Percentage extension	Stress (Main Curve)	Unloading Path
0.0	0	null
3.5	24	null
4.5	26	null
6.0	23	null
7.5	25	null
9.0	24	null
11.0	25	null
13.0	24	null
15.0	24.5	0
18.5	24	24
25.0	35	null

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 7 — Percentage yield point extension (Ae)

Force-Elongation Diagram Force-Elongation Curve Annotations

Figure description:

Force-Elongation Diagram

Force-Elongation Curve

Annotations

22 (text_label - position: y = 22 (Maximum Force))
13 (text_label - position: x = 13 (Elongation at fracture))

Elongation	Force	Type
0.0	0.0	Solid Curve
0.5	6.0	Solid Curve
1.0	12.0	Solid Curve
1.8	16.0	Solid Curve
2.3	15.0	Solid Curve
3.0	16.5	Solid Curve
4.0	18.2	Solid Curve
5.0	19.5	Solid Curve
7.0	21.3	Solid Curve
9.0	22.0	Solid Curve
11.0	21.3	Solid Curve
13.0	20.0	Solid Curve
13.0	20.0	Dashed Line
12.2	0.0	Dashed Line

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 8 — Maximum force

This is a technical diagram of a tensile test specimen showing its dimensions before and after

Figure description:

This is a technical diagram of a tensile test specimen showing its dimensions before and after fracture.

Key Dimensions and Features:

1: Width of the central area or gauge length increment.
2: Width/thickness of the specimen's narrow section.
5: Initial gauge length between two marks.
6: Length of the reduced section.
7: Total length of the specimen.
8: Final gauge length after specimen fracture (shown in the lower image.
9: Cross-hatched central section.
12: Specimen shoulder/grip area.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 9 — Machined test pieces of rectangular cross section (see annex A)

Technical diagram illustrating three different material cross-sections within a bar: Top: Circular

Figure description:

Technical diagram illustrating three different material cross-sections within a bar:

Top: Circular cross-section.
Middle: Square cross-section.
Bottom: Hexagonal cross-section.
Key Details:
- Shaded (hatched areas represent the cross-sectional profiles.
- Vertical reference marks are positioned on either side of the center shapes.
- A dimension of 5 is indicated between the reference marks in the bottom illustration.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 10 — Test pieces comprising a non-machined portion of the product (see annex B)

Technical diagram of tensile test specimens, showing both rectangular and cylindrical geometries

Figure description:

Technical diagram of tensile test specimens, showing both rectangular and cylindrical geometries before and after failure.

Key Entities and Dimensions:

1 & 2: Thickness and width of a rectangular specimen cross-section.
3: Diameter of a cylindrical specimen cross-section.
5: Initial gauge length ( $L_0$ .
6: Length of the reduced (parallel section.
7: Total length of the specimen.
8: Final gauge length after fracture ( $L_u$ , showing elongation.
9: Initial cross-sectional areas (circular and rectangular.
10: Reduced cross-sectional area at the point of fracture (necking.
12: Grip sections for securing the specimen in a testing machine.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 11 — Proportional test pieces (see annex C)

Figure description:

Figure 11 - Proportional test pieces

Key Dimensions and Entities:

1: Wall thickness of the tube.
4: External diameter of the tube.
5: Original gauge length ( $L_0$ .
7: Parallel length ( $L_c$ .
8: Final gauge length after fracture ( $L_u$ .
9: Cross-section of the tube (represented by a circular hatched area.
10: Gripped end of the test piece (flattened for testing.
12: Parallel part of the test piece.

NOTE — See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 12 — Test pieces comprising a length of tube (see annex D)

This technical drawing illustrates a tensile test specimen

Figure description:

This technical drawing illustrates a tensile test specimen (dog-bone shape with key dimensions and features labeled:

1: Width of the central gauge zone.
2: Width of the parallel reduced section.
5: Original gauge length ( $L_0$ .
6: Total length of the parallel reduced section ( $L_c$ .
7: Total overall length of the specimen.
8: Final distance between gauge marks after fracture ( $L_u$ .
9: Cross-sectional area indicator at the center.
10: Fracture location showing necking.
12: Transition radius (fillet between the grip section and reduced section.

Notes

1 The shape of the test piece heads is given only as a guide.
2 See table 1 for explanation of reference numbers.

Figure 13 — Test piece cut from a tube (see annex D)

End of chapter · NextAnnexes A to D: Types of Test Piece

Figure 1 — Definitions of elongation

Figure 2 — Definitions of upper and lower yield strengths for different types of curves

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension (Rp)\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)(Rp​)

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension (Rt)\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)(Rt​)

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength (Rr)\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)(Rr​)

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( RpR_{\mathrm{p}}Rp​ ) (see 13.1)

Figure 7 — Percentage yield point extension (Ae)

Figure 8 — Maximum force

Figure 9 — Machined test pieces of rectangular cross section (see annex A)

Figure 10 — Test pieces comprising a non-machined portion of the product (see annex B)

Figure 11 — Proportional test pieces (see annex C)

Figure 12 — Test pieces comprising a length of tube (see annex D)

Figure 13 — Test piece cut from a tube (see annex D)

Figure 1 — Definitions of elongation

Figure 2 — Definitions of upper and lower yield strengths for different types of curves

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension (Rp)\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)(Rp​)

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension (Rt)\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)(Rt​)

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength (Rr)\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)(Rr​)

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( RpR_{\mathrm{p}}Rp​ ) (see 13.1)

Figure 7 — Percentage yield point extension (Ae)

Figure 8 — Maximum force

Figure 9 — Machined test pieces of rectangular cross section (see annex A)

Figure 10 — Test pieces comprising a non-machined portion of the product (see annex B)

Figure 11 — Proportional test pieces (see annex C)

Figure 12 — Test pieces comprising a length of tube (see annex D)

Figure 13 — Test piece cut from a tube (see annex D)

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)$

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength $\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)$

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( $R_{\mathrm{p}}$ ) (see 13.1)

Figure 3 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{p}}\right)$

Figure 4 — Proof strength, total extension $\left(R_{\mathrm{t}}\right)$

Figure 5 — Permanent set strength $\left(R_{\mathrm{r}}\right)$

Figure 6 — Proof strength, non-proportional extension ( $R_{\mathrm{p}}$ ) (see 13.1)